Novel heterogeneous Fe-based catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to long chain α-olefins-A review

The thermocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into high value-added chemicals provides a strategy to address the environmental problems caused by excessive carbon emissions and the sustainable production of chemicals. Significant progress has been made in the CO₂ hydrogenation to long chain α-olefins, but controlling C–O activation and C–C coupling remains a great challenge. This review focuses on the recent advances in catalyst design concepts for the synthesis of long chain α-olefins from CO₂ hydrogenation. We have systematically summarized and analyzed the ingenious design of catalysts, reaction mechanisms, the interaction between active sites and supports, structure-activity relationship, influence of reaction process parameters on catalyst performance, and catalyst stability, as well as the regeneration methods. Meanwhile, the challenges in the development of the long chain α-olefins synthesis from CO₂ hydrogenation are proposed, and the future development opportunities are prospected. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive perspective on long chain α-olefins synthesis from CO₂ hydrogenation to inspire the invention of novel catalysts and accelerate the development of this process.