Employment-Grade Differences in Factors for Work Performance: The Japanese Civil Servants Study

Objectives This study aimed to determine the factors associated with job performance and assess job grade differences in these factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was based on the fifth Japanese Civil Servants Study, which included 3325 participants. Logistic regression analyses were performed by job grade. Results The associations between high job performance and job grade were as follows: in the low-grade group, older age, middle or high job control, low job support, meaningful work, and no depression; in the intermediate-grade group, high job demands and no depression; and in the high-grade group, higher workplace justice, meaningful work, and no depression. Conclusions Individual factors were associated with higher job performance in lower grades and workplace psychosocial resources in higher grades. This difference may be key to developing and implementing measures to improve job performance.